The ice-free zone appeared in 2017 and grew to more than 30,000 square miles.
In 2017, a giant hole appeared in the Antarctic ice. It appeared in mid-September and, initially, measured 3,700 square miles. Within six weeks it had grown to more than 30,000 square miles—an area almost as big as Kansas.
In a study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, scientists, led by Diana Francis from New York University, have now found that cyclones were behind the phenomenon. The Maud-Rise Polynya grew and grew until it eventually merged with the open ocean, as the ice began to retreat as a result of the onset of summer.
“Mid-sea polynyas are important because of the exchange of heat between the ocean and the atmosphere resulting after their occurrence, especially during the winter months when the sea ice pack is expected to be consolidated, having such 'windows' affects the ocean circulation and the atmosphere as well,” Francis told Newsweek.
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